networkx.algorithms.tree.mst.minimum_spanning_edges

minimum_spanning_edges(G, algorithm='kruskal', weight='weight', keys=True, data=True, ignore_nan=False)[source]

Generate edges in a minimum spanning forest of an undirected weighted graph.

A minimum spanning tree is a subgraph of the graph (a tree) with the minimum sum of edge weights. A spanning forest is a union of the spanning trees for each connected component of the graph.

Parameters

  • G (undirected Graph) – An undirected graph. If G is connected, then the algorithm finds a spanning tree. Otherwise, a spanning forest is found.

  • algorithm (string) – The algorithm to use when finding a minimum spanning tree. Valid choices are ‘kruskal’, ‘prim’, or ‘boruvka’. The default is ‘kruskal’.

  • weight (string) – Edge data key to use for weight (default ‘weight’).

  • keys (bool) – Whether to yield edge key in multigraphs in addition to the edge. If G is not a multigraph, this is ignored.

  • data (bool, optional) – If True yield the edge data along with the edge.

  • ignore_nan (bool (default: False)) – If a NaN is found as an edge weight normally an exception is raised. If ignore_nan is True then that edge is ignored instead.

Returns

edges – An iterator over edges in a maximum spanning tree of G. Edges connecting nodes u and v are represented as tuples: (u, v, k, d) or (u, v, k) or (u, v, d) or (u, v)

If G is a multigraph, keys indicates whether the edge key k will be reported in the third position in the edge tuple. data indicates whether the edge datadict d will appear at the end of the edge tuple.

If G is not a multigraph, the tuples are (u, v, d) if data is True or (u, v) if data is False.

Return type

iterator

Examples

>>> from networkx.algorithms import tree

Find minimum spanning edges by Kruskal’s algorithm

>>> G = nx.cycle_graph(4)
>>> G.add_edge(0, 3, weight=2)
>>> mst = tree.minimum_spanning_edges(G, algorithm="kruskal", data=False)
>>> edgelist = list(mst)
>>> sorted(sorted(e) for e in edgelist)
[[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3]]

Find minimum spanning edges by Prim’s algorithm

>>> G = nx.cycle_graph(4)
>>> G.add_edge(0, 3, weight=2)
>>> mst = tree.minimum_spanning_edges(G, algorithm="prim", data=False)
>>> edgelist = list(mst)
>>> sorted(sorted(e) for e in edgelist)
[[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3]]

Notes

For Borůvka’s algorithm, each edge must have a weight attribute, and each edge weight must be distinct.

For the other algorithms, if the graph edges do not have a weight attribute a default weight of 1 will be used.

Modified code from David Eppstein, April 2006 http://www.ics.uci.edu/~eppstein/PADS/