# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Various small and named graphs, together with some compact generators.
"""
__author__ ="""Aric Hagberg (hagberg@lanl.gov)\nPieter Swart (swart@lanl.gov)"""
# Copyright (C) 2004-2015 by
# Aric Hagberg <hagberg@lanl.gov>
# Dan Schult <dschult@colgate.edu>
# Pieter Swart <swart@lanl.gov>
# All rights reserved.
# BSD license.
__all__ = ['make_small_graph',
'LCF_graph',
'bull_graph',
'chvatal_graph',
'cubical_graph',
'desargues_graph',
'diamond_graph',
'dodecahedral_graph',
'frucht_graph',
'heawood_graph',
'house_graph',
'house_x_graph',
'icosahedral_graph',
'krackhardt_kite_graph',
'moebius_kantor_graph',
'octahedral_graph',
'pappus_graph',
'petersen_graph',
'sedgewick_maze_graph',
'tetrahedral_graph',
'truncated_cube_graph',
'truncated_tetrahedron_graph',
'tutte_graph']
import networkx as nx
from networkx.generators.classic import empty_graph, cycle_graph, path_graph, complete_graph
from networkx.exception import NetworkXError
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Tools for creating small graphs
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def make_small_undirected_graph(graph_description, create_using=None):
"""
Return a small undirected graph described by graph_description.
See make_small_graph.
"""
if create_using is not None and create_using.is_directed():
raise NetworkXError("Directed Graph not supported")
return make_small_graph(graph_description, create_using)
[docs]def make_small_graph(graph_description, create_using=None):
"""
Return the small graph described by graph_description.
graph_description is a list of the form [ltype,name,n,xlist]
Here ltype is one of "adjacencylist" or "edgelist",
name is the name of the graph and n the number of nodes.
This constructs a graph of n nodes with integer labels 0,..,n-1.
If ltype="adjacencylist" then xlist is an adjacency list
with exactly n entries, in with the j'th entry (which can be empty)
specifies the nodes connected to vertex j.
e.g. the "square" graph C_4 can be obtained by
>>> G=nx.make_small_graph(["adjacencylist","C_4",4,[[2,4],[1,3],[2,4],[1,3]]])
or, since we do not need to add edges twice,
>>> G=nx.make_small_graph(["adjacencylist","C_4",4,[[2,4],[3],[4],[]]])
If ltype="edgelist" then xlist is an edge list
written as [[v1,w2],[v2,w2],...,[vk,wk]],
where vj and wj integers in the range 1,..,n
e.g. the "square" graph C_4 can be obtained by
>>> G=nx.make_small_graph(["edgelist","C_4",4,[[1,2],[3,4],[2,3],[4,1]]])
Use the create_using argument to choose the graph class/type.
"""
ltype=graph_description[0]
name=graph_description[1]
n=graph_description[2]
G=empty_graph(n, create_using)
nodes=G.nodes()
if ltype=="adjacencylist":
adjlist=graph_description[3]
if len(adjlist) != n:
raise NetworkXError("invalid graph_description")
G.add_edges_from([(u-1,v) for v in nodes for u in adjlist[v]])
elif ltype=="edgelist":
edgelist=graph_description[3]
for e in edgelist:
v1=e[0]-1
v2=e[1]-1
if v1<0 or v1>n-1 or v2<0 or v2>n-1:
raise NetworkXError("invalid graph_description")
else:
G.add_edge(v1,v2)
G.name=name
return G
[docs]def LCF_graph(n,shift_list,repeats,create_using=None):
"""
Return the cubic graph specified in LCF notation.
LCF notation (LCF=Lederberg-Coxeter-Fruchte) is a compressed
notation used in the generation of various cubic Hamiltonian
graphs of high symmetry. See, for example, dodecahedral_graph,
desargues_graph, heawood_graph and pappus_graph below.
n (number of nodes)
The starting graph is the n-cycle with nodes 0,...,n-1.
(The null graph is returned if n < 0.)
shift_list = [s1,s2,..,sk], a list of integer shifts mod n,
repeats
integer specifying the number of times that shifts in shift_list
are successively applied to each v_current in the n-cycle
to generate an edge between v_current and v_current+shift mod n.
For v1 cycling through the n-cycle a total of k*repeats
with shift cycling through shiftlist repeats times connect
v1 with v1+shift mod n
The utility graph K_{3,3}
>>> G=nx.LCF_graph(6,[3,-3],3)
The Heawood graph
>>> G=nx.LCF_graph(14,[5,-5],7)
See http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LCFNotation.html for a description
and references.
"""
if create_using is not None and create_using.is_directed():
raise NetworkXError("Directed Graph not supported")
if n <= 0:
return empty_graph(0, create_using)
# start with the n-cycle
G=cycle_graph(n, create_using)
G.name="LCF_graph"
nodes=G.nodes()
n_extra_edges=repeats*len(shift_list)
# edges are added n_extra_edges times
# (not all of these need be new)
if n_extra_edges < 1:
return G
for i in range(n_extra_edges):
shift=shift_list[i%len(shift_list)] #cycle through shift_list
v1=nodes[i%n] # cycle repeatedly through nodes
v2=nodes[(i + shift)%n]
G.add_edge(v1, v2)
return G
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Various small and named graphs
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[docs]def bull_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the Bull graph. """
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"Bull Graph",
5,
[[2,3],[1,3,4],[1,2,5],[2],[3]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G
[docs]def chvatal_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the Chvátal graph."""
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"Chvatal Graph",
12,
[[2,5,7,10],[3,6,8],[4,7,9],[5,8,10],
[6,9],[11,12],[11,12],[9,12],
[11],[11,12],[],[]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G
[docs]def cubical_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the 3-regular Platonic Cubical graph."""
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"Platonic Cubical Graph",
8,
[[2,4,5],[1,3,8],[2,4,7],[1,3,6],
[1,6,8],[4,5,7],[3,6,8],[2,5,7]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G
[docs]def desargues_graph(create_using=None):
""" Return the Desargues graph."""
G=LCF_graph(20, [5,-5,9,-9], 5, create_using)
G.name="Desargues Graph"
return G
[docs]def diamond_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the Diamond graph. """
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"Diamond Graph",
4,
[[2,3],[1,3,4],[1,2,4],[2,3]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G
[docs]def dodecahedral_graph(create_using=None):
""" Return the Platonic Dodecahedral graph. """
G=LCF_graph(20, [10,7,4,-4,-7,10,-4,7,-7,4], 2, create_using)
G.name="Dodecahedral Graph"
return G
[docs]def frucht_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the Frucht Graph.
The Frucht Graph is the smallest cubical graph whose
automorphism group consists only of the identity element.
"""
G=cycle_graph(7, create_using)
G.add_edges_from([[0,7],[1,7],[2,8],[3,9],[4,9],[5,10],[6,10],
[7,11],[8,11],[8,9],[10,11]])
G.name="Frucht Graph"
return G
[docs]def heawood_graph(create_using=None):
""" Return the Heawood graph, a (3,6) cage. """
G=LCF_graph(14, [5,-5], 7, create_using)
G.name="Heawood Graph"
return G
[docs]def house_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the House graph (square with triangle on top)."""
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"House Graph",
5,
[[2,3],[1,4],[1,4,5],[2,3,5],[3,4]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G
[docs]def house_x_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the House graph with a cross inside the house square."""
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"House-with-X-inside Graph",
5,
[[2,3,4],[1,3,4],[1,2,4,5],[1,2,3,5],[3,4]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G
[docs]def icosahedral_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the Platonic Icosahedral graph."""
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"Platonic Icosahedral Graph",
12,
[[2,6,8,9,12],[3,6,7,9],[4,7,9,10],[5,7,10,11],
[6,7,11,12],[7,12],[],[9,10,11,12],
[10],[11],[12],[]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G
[docs]def krackhardt_kite_graph(create_using=None):
"""
Return the Krackhardt Kite Social Network.
A 10 actor social network introduced by David Krackhardt
to illustrate: degree, betweenness, centrality, closeness, etc.
The traditional labeling is:
Andre=1, Beverley=2, Carol=3, Diane=4,
Ed=5, Fernando=6, Garth=7, Heather=8, Ike=9, Jane=10.
"""
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"Krackhardt Kite Social Network",
10,
[[2,3,4,6],[1,4,5,7],[1,4,6],[1,2,3,5,6,7],[2,4,7],
[1,3,4,7,8],[2,4,5,6,8],[6,7,9],[8,10],[9]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G
[docs]def moebius_kantor_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the Moebius-Kantor graph."""
G=LCF_graph(16, [5,-5], 8, create_using)
G.name="Moebius-Kantor Graph"
return G
[docs]def octahedral_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the Platonic Octahedral graph."""
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"Platonic Octahedral Graph",
6,
[[2,3,4,5],[3,4,6],[5,6],[5,6],[6],[]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G
[docs]def pappus_graph():
""" Return the Pappus graph."""
G=LCF_graph(18,[5,7,-7,7,-7,-5],3)
G.name="Pappus Graph"
return G
[docs]def petersen_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the Petersen graph."""
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"Petersen Graph",
10,
[[2,5,6],[1,3,7],[2,4,8],[3,5,9],[4,1,10],[1,8,9],[2,9,10],
[3,6,10],[4,6,7],[5,7,8]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G
[docs]def sedgewick_maze_graph(create_using=None):
"""
Return a small maze with a cycle.
This is the maze used in Sedgewick,3rd Edition, Part 5, Graph
Algorithms, Chapter 18, e.g. Figure 18.2 and following.
Nodes are numbered 0,..,7
"""
G=empty_graph(0, create_using)
G.add_nodes_from(range(8))
G.add_edges_from([[0,2],[0,7],[0,5]])
G.add_edges_from([[1,7],[2,6]])
G.add_edges_from([[3,4],[3,5]])
G.add_edges_from([[4,5],[4,7],[4,6]])
G.name="Sedgewick Maze"
return G
[docs]def tetrahedral_graph(create_using=None):
""" Return the 3-regular Platonic Tetrahedral graph."""
G=complete_graph(4, create_using)
G.name="Platonic Tetrahedral graph"
return G
[docs]def truncated_cube_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the skeleton of the truncated cube."""
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"Truncated Cube Graph",
24,
[[2,3,5],[12,15],[4,5],[7,9],
[6],[17,19],[8,9],[11,13],
[10],[18,21],[12,13],[15],
[14],[22,23],[16],[20,24],
[18,19],[21],[20],[24],
[22],[23],[24],[]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G
[docs]def truncated_tetrahedron_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the skeleton of the truncated Platonic tetrahedron."""
G=path_graph(12, create_using)
# G.add_edges_from([(1,3),(1,10),(2,7),(4,12),(5,12),(6,8),(9,11)])
G.add_edges_from([(0,2),(0,9),(1,6),(3,11),(4,11),(5,7),(8,10)])
G.name="Truncated Tetrahedron Graph"
return G
[docs]def tutte_graph(create_using=None):
"""Return the Tutte graph."""
description=[
"adjacencylist",
"Tutte's Graph",
46,
[[2,3,4],[5,27],[11,12],[19,20],[6,34],
[7,30],[8,28],[9,15],[10,39],[11,38],
[40],[13,40],[14,36],[15,16],[35],
[17,23],[18,45],[19,44],[46],[21,46],
[22,42],[23,24],[41],[25,28],[26,33],
[27,32],[34],[29],[30,33],[31],
[32,34],[33],[],[],[36,39],
[37],[38,40],[39],[],[],
[42,45],[43],[44,46],[45],[],[]]
]
G=make_small_undirected_graph(description, create_using)
return G